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Unflown Russian Cosmonauts...

The original 1960 group of cosmonauts is
shown in a photo from May 1961 at the seaside port of Sochi.
The names of many of these men were considered state secrets
for more than twenty-five years. Sitting in front from left to
right: Pavel Popovich, Viktor Gorbatko, Yevgeniy Khrunov, Yuri
Gagarin, Chief Designer Sergey Korolev, his wife Nina Koroleva
with Popovich's daughter Natasha, Cosmonaut Training Center
Director Yevgeniy Karpov, parachute trainer Nikolay Nikitin,
and physician Yevgeniy Fedorov. Standing the second row from
left to right: Aleksey Leonov, Andrian Nikolayev, Mars Rafikov,
Dmitriy Zaykin, Boris Volynov, German Titov, Grigoriy Nelyubov,
Valeriy Bykovskiy, and Georgiy Shonin. In the back from left
to right: Valentin Filatyev, Ivan Anikeyev, and Pavel Belyayeu.
Four cosmonauts were missing from the photograph, Anatoliy
Kartashov and Valentin Varlamov and had both been dropped from
training because of injuries. Valentin Bondarenko died in a
training accident a few months before. Vladimir Komarov was
indisposed.

The First Group (1960)
Part of the russian manned space program was only unveiled in
the early 1990's, with the names of early cosmonaut candidates
(1965/68) being oficially released as late as 1991. Sometimes, the time between
this and the time of their death were very close, or even too late... to request
any signed material. So, like the americans Elliot See or Charles Bassett II,
the early russian manned program is full of "mystery cosmonauts" and "mystery
programs" such as the Zond program that would have sent the russians to the moon.
For instance, from the first group (selection of 20 cosmonauts), that took place
in 1960, only 12 actually made a spaceflight - the names of the other 8 were
anounced oficially only in April 1986. So, signed material from names such as
Bondarenko, Varlamov, Nelyubov or Filatyev (all from the first selected group of
1960), must surelly be considered rarer then See ou Bassett, and they can not be
found in the market - these are extremely rare items.
The eight unflown cosmonauts from the
first group
|
Cosmonaut |
Born |
Selection date |
Retirement |
Died |
| Ivan N.
Anikeyev |
12.02.1933 |
07.03.1960 |
17.04.1963 |
20.08.1992 |
| Grigori G.
Nelyubov |
31.03.1934 |
07.03.1960 |
04.05.1963 |
18.02.1966 |
| Valentin I.
Filatiyev |
21.01.1930 |
25.03.1960 |
17.04.1963 |
15.09.1990 |
| Dmitri A.
Zaikin |
29.04.1932 |
25.03.1960 |
25.10.1969 |
- |
| Valentin V.
Bondarenko |
16.02.1937 |
28.04.1960 |
23.03.1961 |
23.03.1961 |
| Mars S.
Rafikov |
29.09.1933 |
28.04.1960 |
24.03.1962 |
23.07.2000 |
| Valentin S.
Varlamov |
15.08.1934 |
28.04.1960 |
06.03.1961 |
02.10.1980 |
| Anatoli Y.
Kartashov |
25.08.1932 |
17.06.1960 |
07.04.1961 |
11.12.2005 |
|
|
|
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Mars Zakirovich
Rafikov (1960 Group)
Major, Soviet Air Force, test pilot; graduated from
Higher Air Force School, Syzran, now Samara; was
selected as cosmonaut on 28.04.1960 (TsPK-1);
OKP (cosmonaut basic training): 4/60 - 1961; was
discharged of disciplinary reasons; served as pilot
during the Afghanistan-war; later he was instructor
pilot in DOSAAF-program. Died in July 2000.
>> See collection |
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Anatoli
Yakovlevich Kartashov (1960 Group)
Graduated from Higher Air Force School, 1954; Colonel,
Soviet Air Force, Ret.; pilot, Soviet Air Force, Ret.;
was selected as cosmonaut on 17.06.1960 (TsPK-1);
OKP (cosmonaut basic training): 4/60 - 1961;
retired of medical reasons on 07.04.1961 to serve again
as pilot of Soviet Air Force; since 1985 retired.
>> See collection |

The Women Group (1962)
Even before the flight of Valentina
Tereshkova on Vostok 6, Khrushchev approved the idea of an "all women" Voskhod
Flight. So, in March 1962, from an original group of more then 400 candidates, 5
women were choosen for the first women cosmonaut group.
|
Cosmonaut |
Born |
Selection date |
Retirement |
Died |
| Tatyana
Kuznetsova |
14.07.1941 |
03.03.1962 |
17.10.1969 |
- |
| Valentina
Ponomaryova |
18.09.1933 |
07.04.1962 |
01.10.1969 |
- |
| Irina
Solovyova |
06.09.1937 |
13.03.1962 |
01.10.1969 |
- |
| Valentina
Tereshkova |
06.03.1937 |
12.03.1962 |
30.04.1997 |
- |
| Zhanna
Yorkina |
06.05.1939 |
03.04.1962 |
01.10.1969 |
- |
After the flight of Tereshkova, the group
of 5 women continued training for a future Voskhod 4 mission, to take place in
1966/67. The crews for that Voskhod 4 flight, later cancelled
were: Solovyova and Ponomaryova (prime crew) and Kuznetsova and Yorkina (back-up).
In total, the 5 women had the following assignments:
|
Spaceflight |
Prime |
Back-up |
2nd
back-up |
| Vostok 6 |
Tereshkova |
Solovyova |
Ponomaryova |
| Voskhod 4 |
Solovyova +
Ponomaryova |
Kuznetsova
+ Yorkina |
- |
After the the cancelation of the
Voskhod 4 mission, the group
was eventually dismissed in 1969, and for many years the soviet sources told
that only 4 women ever took part in that training group. Finally, in late 1987,
the identity of the fifth woman was revealed. It is unkown the actual back-up crew
for the proposed Voskhod 4 mission, as Yorkina got married in 1963 and had a
child in 1964 - against the "rules"defined by Sergei Korolyov, that a woman should
concentrate on the space program. In the late 1980's a photograph of Tereshokova
performing a training for an EVA was released, making it possible that after the
birth of Yorkina's son, Tereshkova eventually took her place in the Voskhod 4
crew.
 |
Valentina
Ponomaryova (1962 Group)
Graduated from Moscow Aviation Institute, 1957;
graduated from Zhukovsky-Academy, Monino, 1967;
candidate of technical sciences degree, 1974; was
married to cosmonaut Yuri Ponomaryov; was selected from
Air Forces as cosmonaut on 03.04.1962 (Vostok); OKP (cosmonaut
basic training): 4/62 - 29.11.1962; was assigned as
Commander for Voskhod 4; later research scientist at
Institute of Natural Historic Sciences.
>> See collection
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Irina Solovyova
(1962 Group)
Colonel, Siviet Air Forces, Ret.; graduated from
Sverdlovsk Polytechnical Institute with a degree in
mechanical engineering, 1959; parachutist; was selected
as cosmonaut from Soviet Air Force on 03.03.1962 (Vostok);
OKP (cosmonaut basic training): 4/62 - 29.11.1962; then
graduated from Shukovsky Air Force Engineering Academy,
Monino, 1967; was assigned as double for Vostok 6 and
then for Voskhod 4; candidate of psychological sciences
degree, 1980; in February 1988 she was a participant of
an all female Antarctic-Expedition.
>> See collection |
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Zhanna Sergeychik
Yorkina (1962 Group)
Major, Russian Air Force, Res.; graduated from
Pedagogic Institute, Ryasan, 1961; graduated from
Zhukovsky Military Engineering Acdemy, Monino, 1969;
Teacher (English) in Palkovo and parachutist; was
selected in March 1962 from Air Force as cosmonaut (Vostok);
OKP (cosmonaut basic training): 4/62 - 29.11.1962; was
assigned as double for Voskhod 4; later she worked at
Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center; retired from active
military duty, 1989; since her marriage she has the
family name: Sergeychik.
>> See collection |

1963 Group
In January 1963 a new group of cosmonaut candidates was
elected. It consisted of elder pilots and engineers.
The full list of names was only revealed in late 1988, and it had 7 engineers (Artyukhin,
Buynovski, Dyumin, Gulyayev, Kolodin, Kugno, Zholobov) and 8 pilots (Dobrovolski,
Filipchenko, Gubarev, Kuklin, Matinchenko, Shatalov, Vorobyov, Voronov). From
these, 8 never made an actual spaceflight, and they are:
|
Cosmonaut |
Born |
Selection date |
Retirement |
Died |
|
Eduard Byunovski |
26.02.1936 |
08.01.1963 |
11.12.1964 |
- |
|
Vladislav Gulyayev |
31.05.1937 |
08.01.1963 |
06.03.1968 |
19.04.1990 |
|
Pyotr Kolodin |
23.09.1930 |
08.01.1963 |
20.04.1983 |
- |
|
Eduard Kugno |
27.06.1935 |
08.01.1963 |
16.04.1964 |
24.02.1994 |
|
Anatoli Kuklin |
03.01.1932 |
08.01.1963 |
15.09.1975 |
16.01.2006 |
|
Aleksandr Matinchenko |
04.09.1927 |
08.01.1963 |
19.01.1972 |
18.06.1999 |
|
Lev Vorobyov |
24.02.1931 |
08.01.1963 |
28.06.1974 |
- |
|
Anatoli Voronov |
11.06.1930 |
08.01.1963 |
25.05.1979 |
31.10.1993 |
|
|
|
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Eduard Buynovski
(1963 Group)
Graduated from Military Engineering Academy, 1973;
Colonel, Russian Air Force, Ret.; was selected on
08.01.1963 as cosmonaut (TsPK-2); OKP (cosmonaut basic
training): 1/63 - 21.01.1965; resigned of medical
reasons; later he was involved in the development of
communications- and controlling systems within the
Soviet Department of Foreign Affairs.
>> See collection |
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Pyotr Kolodin (1963 Group)
Graduated from Military Academy of Engineering and
Radioengineering, 1959; Officer of missile troups; was
selected on 08.01.1965 (TsPK-2); OKP (cosmonaut basic
training): 1/63 - 21.01.1966; he was assigned for five
different missions (e.g. Soyuz 11) but was always
grounded; later he worked as flight controller;
presently retired.
>> See collection |
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Aleksandr
Matinchenko (1963 Group)
Graduated from Higher Air Force School, 1962;
Lieutenant Colonel, Res. and pilot, Soviet Air Force; he
flew 25 missions during the Hungarian rebellion 1956;
was selected as cosmonaut on 08.01.1963 (TsPK-2); OKP (cosmonaut
basic training): 1/63 - 21.01.1965; later he worked for
Ministry of Aviation Industry; since February 1992
retired. Died in 18.06.1999.
>> See collection |
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Lev Vorobyov (1963 Group)
Graduated from Military Pilot School, Bataisk, 1952,
graduated from Air Force Military Academy, Monino, 1955;
Colonel and pilot, Soviet Air Forces, Res.; was selected
as cosmonaut on 08.01.1963 (TsPK-2); OKP (cosmonaut
basic training): 1/63 - 21.01.1965; he was assigned for
Soyuz 13, but he and his crewmate flight engineer
Yazdovsky had personal differences (prime crew was then
grounded); retired on 28.06.1974 because of political
differences; he currently works at Gagarin Cosmonaut
Training Centre; retired from active military duty,
1986.
>> See collection |
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Voskhod 1 - 2 (1964/65 Group)
In preparation for the Voskhod missions, a new small
group of engineers and doctors was called to join the cosmonaut training team.
For the Voskhod 1 flight the 1964 candidate list included seven names. Korolyov
also backed a Voskhod flight with a journalist onboard, so the 1965 selection
also included three candidates, but that mission was later canceled. The selected cosmonauts were:
| 1964
Selection |
Born |
Selection date |
Retirement |
Died |
| Konst.
Feoktistov (eng) |
07.02.1926 |
11.06.1964 |
28.10.1987 |
- |
| Vladimir
Benderov (pil) |
04.08.1924 |
01.06.1964 |
02.07.1964 |
03.06.1973 |
| Georgi
Katys (doc) |
31.08.1926 |
28.05.1964 |
1972 |
- |
| Vasili
Lazarev (doc) |
23.02.1928 |
26.05.1964 |
31.12.1990 |
31.12.1990 |
| Boris
Polyakov (doc) |
10.05.1938 |
29.05.1964 |
02.07.1964 |
- |
| Aleksei
Sorokin (doc) |
30.03.1931 |
26.05.1964 |
11.01.1976 |
11.01.1976 |
| Boris
Yegorov (doc) |
26.11.1937 |
26.05.1964 |
14.10.1964 |
12.09.1994 |
| 1965
Selection |
Born |
Selection date |
Retirement |
Died |
| Vladimir Degtyarov
(doc) |
04.04.1932 |
28.10.1965 |
17.01.1966 |
- |
| Yevgeni Ilyin
(doc) |
17.08.1937 |
??.09.1965 |
1966 |
- |
| Aleksandr
Kiselyov (doc) |
13.01.1934 |
??.07.1965 |
1966 |
- |
| Yuri Senkevich
(doc) |
04.03.1937 |
??.09.1965 |
1966 |
25.09.2003 |
|
Journalists |
Born |
Selection date |
Retirement |
Died |
|
Yaroslav Golovanov |
02.06.1932 |
27.06.1965 |
??.04.1967 |
21.05.2003 |
|
Yuri Letunov |
26.10.1926 |
27.07.1965 |
1966 |
30.07.1983 |
|
Mikhail Rebrov |
03.07.1931 |
??.06.1965 |
1974 |
24.04.1998 |
|
|
|
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Georgi Katys (1964
Voskhod Group)
Candidate of technical sciences degree from Bauman
Higher Technical School, Moscow, 1953; doctorate degree
of technical sciences 1962; engineer; was selected as
cosmonaut on 28.05.1964 and later Chief of AN-cosmonaut
group; was assigned as backup for Voskhod 1; was
involved in the development of Lunokhod, the Soviet Moon
Rover; since 1984 Professor at Moscow Institute of Radio
technics; he is also a member of the Academy of Sciences
and of the Academy of Cosmonautics.
>> See collection
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Yaroslav Golovanov
(1965 Voskhod Group)
Graduated from E.N. Bauman Moscow Higher Technical
School, Moscow, 1956; Aviation engineer; joined
newspaper "Komsomolskaya Pravda"; was selected in June
1965 as cosmonaut candidate; without official cosmonaut
training; his last job was as science commentator for "Komsomolskaya
Pravda". Died in May 2003.
>> See collection |
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The Young Guards (1965
Group)
Following the Voskhod missions, and in preparation for the new
Soyuz program, a large group of cosmonaut candidates arrived at the
Start City in 1965. However, only 6 actually flew (Glazkov, Kizim, Klimuk,
Rozhdestvensky, Sarafanov, Zudov), making this the largest refused/rejected
group ever. The identities of the unflown cosmonauts were only revealed in late
1989, and they were:
|
Engineers |
Born |
Selection date |
Retirement |
Died |
| Boris
Belousov |
24.07.1930 |
28.10.1965 |
05.01.1968 |
27.06.1998 |
| Anatoli Fyodorov |
14.04.1941 |
23.10.1965 |
28.05.1974 |
21.03.2002 |
|
Vitali
Grishchenko |
26.04.1942 |
23.10.1965 |
05.02.1968 |
04.05.1992 |
| Yevgeni Khludeyev |
10.09.1940 |
23.10.1965 |
11.10.1988 |
19.09.1995 |
| Gennadi Kolesnikov |
07.10.1936 |
23.10.1965 |
16.12.1967 |
- |
| Mikhail Lisun |
05.09.1935 |
23.10.1965 |
19.09.1989 |
- |
|
Vladimir
Preobrazhenski |
03.02.1939 |
23.10.1965 |
18.11.1980 |
25.10.1993 |
| Eduard
Stepanov |
14.04.1937 |
23.10.1965 |
31.10.1992 |
- |
| Pilots |
Born |
Selection date |
Retirement |
Died |
| Aleksandr Kramarenko |
08.11.1942 |
23.10.1965 |
30.04.1969 |
13.04.2002 |
|
Aleksandr
Petrushenko |
01.01.1942 |
23.10.1965 |
15.06.1973 |
11.11.1992 |
|
Ansar
Sharafutdinov |
26.06.1939 |
23.10.1965 |
05.01.1968 |
- |
| Vasili Shcheglov |
09.04.1940 |
23.10.1965 |
18.10.1972 |
16.07.1973 |
| Aleksandr
Skvortsov |
08.06.1942 |
23.10.1965 |
05.01.1968 |
- |
| Valeri
Voloshin |
24.04.1942 |
23.10.1965 |
09.04.1969 |
- |
| Oleg Yakovlev |
31.12.1940 |
23.10.1965 |
22.05.1973 |
02.05.1990 |
|
|
|
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Boris Belousov
(1965 Group)
Colonel, Air Force, Reserve; graduated from Military
Engineering Academy, Leningrad, 1960; Test-engineer in
Kapustin Yar and then in Baikonur; was selected on
28.10.1965 (TsPK-3); OKP (cosmonaut basic training):
11/65 - 12/67; retired on 05.01.1968 because of supposed
weight problems (85 Kilograms); retired from Air Force
1981 und taught then Physics in the School of Monina.
Died in June 1998.
>> See collection |
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|
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Gennadi Kolesnikov (1965 Group)
Graduated from Higher Air Force School of Engineering
with a candidate of technical sciences degree, 1966;
doctorate of military sciences degree, 1989; Colonel,
Soviet Air Force, Ret.; was selected as cosmonaut on
23.10.1965 (TsPK-3); OKP (cosmonaut basic training):
11/65 - 12/67; retired of medical reasons; later he
worked at Gagarin-Center; currently research scientist
and professor at Air Force Academy, Monino; he is the
author of more than 220 scientific papers.
>> See collection |
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Mikhail Lisun (1965 Group)
Graduated from Military Engineering School in Moscow
with an electronical engineering degree, 1956; Colonel,
Soviet Air Force Res.; leader of shift in the satellite
control facility of Soviet Ministry of Defense; was
selected as cosmonaut on 23.10.1965 (TsPK-3); OKP (cosmonaut
basic training): 11/65 - 12/67; was assigned as double
for Soyuz 23 and Soyuz 24; later Deputy Director of
Moscow Memorial Museum of Cosmonautics (Korolyov-Museum).
>> See collection |
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Ansar Sharafutdinov (1965 Group)
Graduated from Kachinsk Military Pilot School, 1963;
Pilot and Lietenant Colonel, Russian Air Forces, Res.;
was selected as cosmonaut on 23.10.1965 (TsPK-3); OKP (cosmonaut
basic training): 11/65 - 12/67; retired of medical
reasons; retired from active military duty in 1985;
later teacher at High School.
>> See collection |
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Eduard Stepanov (1965 Group)
Graduated from Air Force Radiotechnical Engineering
School, Kiev, 1959, with an engineering diploma;
candidate of technical sciences degree, 1974; Colonel,
Soviet Air Forces, Res.; was selected as cosmonaut on
23.10.1965 (TsPK-3); OKP (cosmonaut basic training):
11/65 - 12/67; he was involved in the development of the
Buran-Spacecraft; after he retired in 1992 he worked
again for the TsPK.
>> See collection |
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Valeri Voloshin (1965 Group)
Graduated from Chernigov Higher Air Force School,
1963; graduated from Gagarin Air Force Military Academy,
Monino, 1976; Colonel, Soviet Air Force, Res.; was
selected as cosmonaut on 23.10.1965 (TsPK-3); OKP (cosmonaut
basic training): 11/65 - 12/67; he was involved in the
Soviet Lunar Landing Program; retired of medical reasons;
after several military assignments (Belarus, Iraq,
Afghanistan) he worked at operational staff of the
Military Academy, St.Petersburg; in 1994 he retired from
active duty and became director of a construction
company.
>> See collection |
| |
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1966/69
Group
By the end of the 1960's, a few more cosmonaut candidates were
admited for training, among the pilots and engineers, the following never made a
spaceflight:
|
Cosmonaut |
Born |
Selection date |
Retirement |
Died |
| Mars
Fatkhullin (doc) |
14.05.1939 |
22.05.1967 |
??.05.1970 |
16.04.2003 |
| Rudolf
Gulyayev (doc) |
14.11.1934 |
22.05.1967 |
??.08.1968 |
- |
| Ordinand
Kolomitsev (doc) |
29.01.1933 |
22.05.1967 |
??.08.1968 |
- |
| Valentin
Yershov (doc) |
21.01.1928 |
22.05.1967 |
??.08.1974 |
15.02.1998 |
| Vladimir
Alekseyev (eng) |
19.08.1933 |
12.04.1967 |
20.04.1983 |
- |
| Vladimir
Bugrov (eng) |
18.01.1933 |
23.05.1966 |
12.07.1968 |
- |
| Mikhail
Burdayev (eng) |
27.08.1932 |
12.04.1967 |
20.04.1983 |
- |
| Gennadi
Dolgopolov (eng) |
14.11.1935 |
23.05.1966 |
03.05.1967 |
- |
| Vladimir
Fartushny (eng) |
30.02.1938 |
27.05.1968 |
03.06.1971 |
- |
| Vladimir
Isakov (eng) |
04.04.1940 |
07.05.1967 |
20.04.1983 |
- |
| Nikolai
Porvatkin (eng) |
15.04.1932 |
12.04.1967 |
20.04.1983 |
- |
| Valeri
Yazdovsky (eng) |
08.06.1930 |
27.05.1968 |
01.07.1982 |
- |
| Sergei
Anokhin (pil) |
01.04.1910 |
07.07.1966 |
27.05.1968 |
15.04.1986 |
| Valeri
Beloborodov (pil) |
26.10.1939 |
07.05.1967 |
29.08.1969 |
20.09.2004 |
| Sergei
Gaydukov (pil) |
31.10.1936 |
07.05.1967 |
04.12.1978 |
- |
| Vladimir
Kozelsky (pil) |
12.01.1942 |
07.05.1967 |
20.04.1983 |
- |
| Viktor
Pisarev (pil) |
15.08.1941 |
07.05.1967 |
21.05.1968 |
- |
| Mikhail
Sologub (pil) |
06.11.1936 |
07.05.1967 |
20.09.1968 |
04.08.1996 |
| |
|
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Mikhail Burdayev
(1967 Group)
Graduated from Airforce Engineering Academy,
doctorate degree (1987) and professor (since 1994) in
space ballistic; Colonel, Soviet Airforce, Ret.;
selected on 12.04.1967 (TsPK-4); OKP (cosmonaut basic
training): 5/67 - 18.08.1969; later he worked as trainer
at the Gagarin-Center; hobbies: bicycling, sailing and
gliding.
>> See collection |
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Gennadi Dolgopolov
(1966 Group)
Graduated from Moscow Aviation Institute (MAI), 1959;
Engineer; was selected on 23.05.1966 as cosmonaut
(OKB-1); he retired of medical reasons; worked than at
NPO Energiya.
>> See collection |
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|
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Sergei Gaydukov (1967 Group)
Graduated from Air Force Navigation School, 1957;
Lieutenant Colonel, Soviet Air Force, Ret.; was selected
as cosmonaut on 07.05.1967 (TsPK-4); OKP (cosmonaut
basic training): 5/67 - 18.08.1969; retired of medical
reasons (injured during parachute training); later he
worked as an engineer until 1988, when he retired from
all work of medical reasons.
>> See collection |
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|
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Rudolf
Gulyayev (1967 Group)
Research scientist at IZMIRAN; was selected on
22.05.1967 as cosmonaut (AN-1); OKP (cosmonaut basic
training): 5/67 - 8/68; retired of medical reasons;
later he worked again as reasearch scientist at IZMIRAN.
>> See collection |
|
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Ordinand Kolomitsev (1967 Group)
Research scientist at Academy of science; candidate
of pyhsical-mathematical sciences degree, and doctorate
degree 1968 and 1994, respectively; he was member of
several Antarctic expeditions of the Soviet Station
Vostok und was four years and four month in the
Antarctic; was selected as cosmonaut on 22.05.1967
(AN-1); OKP (cosmonaut basic training): 5/67 - 8/68;
presently he workes at IZMIRAN.
>> See collection |
|
|
|
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Nikolai Porvatkin
(1967 Group)
Colonel, Soviet Air Forces Res.; graduated from
Technical Air Force School, 1952; graduated from
Shukovsky Air Force Engineering Academy, Monino, 1960;
was selected as cosmonaut on 12.04.1967 (TsPK-4); OKP (cosmonaut
basic training): 5/67 - 18.08.1967; later he worked at
NPOE.
>> See collection |
|
|
|
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Valeri Yazdovsky
(1968 Group)
Miner, then engineer; graduated from Moscow Aviation
Institute, 1954; was involved in the development of
Vostok, Voskhod and Soyuz-spacecrafts; was selected as
cosmonaut on 27.05.1968 (TsKBEM-1); he was assigned as
flight engineer on Soyuz 13; but he and his crewmate
Commander Vorobiyov had personal differences (prime crew
was then grounded) ; later engineer at NPOE; presently
retired.
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Valentin Yershov
(1967 Group)
Engineering diploma in aircraft engineering from
Moscow Aviation Institute, 1953; scientist at the
Academy of Sciences; was selected as cosmonaut on
22.05.1967 (AN-1); OKP (cosmonaut basic training): 5/67
- 8/68; he was involved in the Soviet Lunar Landing
Program; he locked out from cosmonaut training by
TsPK-Director Beregowoy, because Yershov refused to
become a member of the Communist Party; later Senior
Scientist, Institute of Applied Mathematics, Moscow; in
1982 he resigned from active duty and became a pensioner;
he died on complications of cancer in 1998.
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